被动语态

被动语态
2011年11月01日
　　被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以give为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：一般现在时：am/is/are＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The first section of New College English is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics.
　　　　一般过去时：was/were＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　These computers were made in our own country.
　　　　一般将来时：will/shall be＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?
　　　　Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ____to the nation. (CET-4 1996, 6)
　　　　A) has left B) is to leave
　　　　C) leaves D) is to be left
　　　　本句意思为：78岁的Denis先生声明他将把他的大多数收藏品留给国家。所以leave应用一般将来时的被动形式。一般将来时可以用来be to do sth表达，因此答案为D.
　　　　过去将来时：would be＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
　　　　现在进行时：am/is/are being＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The machine is being repaired in the workshop. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now. ( CET-4 1996,1)
　　　　A) developed B) have developed C) are being developed D) will have been developed
　　　　本句测试点是动词的时态和语态。develop和perfect是两个并列的谓语动词，perfect用的是被动形式，develop也应该用被动形式，而且句子的时间状语为now，故develop应用现在进行时的被动语态，答案为C。
　　　　过去进行时：was/were being＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky
　　　　现在完成时：has/have been＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.
　　　　过去完成时：had been＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The huge bridge had been damaged before the World WarⅡ.
　　　　将来完成时：will/shall have been＋given
　　　　【例句】
　　　　The book will have been published by the end of next month.
　　主动句转被动句1 his mother told him not to waste time on fishing.
　　2 Father gave me a toy at Christmas.
　　3 This factory produces machine tools.
　　4 They should do it at once.
　　5 He is likely to let you down.
　　6 They named the child tom.
　　答案1 He was told not to waste time on fishing (by his mother).
　　2 I was given a toy at Christmas (by my father).
　　3 Machine tools are produced in this factory.
　　4 It should be done at once (by them).
　　5 You are likely to be let down.
　　6 The child was named tom.
　　代表了几种不同形式的被动变法。1\2是不同的动宾短语中宾语变被动；3是一般句子变被动；4是情态动词变被动；5是不定式变被动；6是主―动―宾―补结构的主动句变被动。
　　把下列句子变成被动语态
　　1.We found some jewels in a box.
　　2. The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision.
　　3. James has left a parcel for you.
　　4. You must finish the article before Friday.
　　5. They will not paint the house again next year.
　　6. They promised Mary a new doll for her birthday.
　　7. I have told the children many times not to skate on the pond.
　　8. Where did he translate the story?
　　9. We had to repair our TV set.
　　10. Do they take good care of the sick?
　　11. They company has paid the workers very handsome wages.
　　12. They showed me the room where they lived.
　　把下列句子变成主动语态1.Spanish is spoken in South America.
　　2. The plans will have to be revised.
　　3. All the words must be looked up in a dictionary.
　　4. Has John been cured of his heart illness?
　　5. The door should not have been left open all night.
　　6. We are afraid that we may be attacked at night.
　　7. We are being taught how to operate the new machine.
　　用动词的正确时态填空Our desks and chairs ________________ (make) of wood. The paper of books and newspapers ______ also ___________ (make) from wood. Even some kinds of cloth __________________ (make) from it. Many people ____________ (burn) wood to keep themselves warm in winter. Indeed, wood _______ (be) important in our everyday life.Where ________ wood __________ (come) from? It ________________ (take) from trees which _____________(grow) in the mountains. _________ you ____________ (know) how it ____________ (get) to us from the mountains?First of all, trees ___________(cut) down when they ______________(grow) big enough. Then their branches _______________ (cut) off, and logs _______________(make).These heavy logs ________________(put) together in different ways and _________________ (take) down to the foot of the mountains. Some of them _________________ (float使漂流) down the small rivers and others _________________ (carry) down on trains.Big trees ________________(cut) down in the mountains every year. Then young ones ______________________ (must, plant) so that we ______ always ________________ (can, have) enough wood. We have to take good care of mountains so that they __________ always _________________ (may, cover) with growing trees.
　　翻译1.The shirt washes well.
　　2. The shirt is being washed now.
　　3. The door won’t lock.
　　4. The shop is closed now.
　　5. The room is filled with smoke.
　　6. It is reported that the big fire has been put out.
　　7.台湾属于中国.
　　8.韩寒的书很畅销.
　　9.这录音机不转.
　　10.火灾是怎样发生的?
　　11.这个问题值得讨论.
　　12.这种布摸起来很柔软.
　　选择正确答案1. When I got to his office, I __________ that he_________ out.A. told, had been B. was told, wasC. had told, was D. was told, had been
　　2. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ______ for too long.A. cooked B. were cookedC. had cooked D. had been cooked
　　3. The anti-Japanese war ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years.A. was broken, lasted B. broke out, lastedC. break out, lasted D. broke out, was lasted
　　4. She was heard __A______ an English song.A. to sing B. singC. sang D. to be sang
　　5. These boxes are very heavy ___.A. be carried B. carryC. carried D. be carrying
　　6. The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things ________.A. had been broken into, has been stolenB. has broken into, has been stolenC. had been broken into, stolenD. has broken into, has stolen
　　7. Coal can ________ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A. have used B. used C. be used D. use8. John has never dreamt of _________.A. taken to Athens B. taking to AthensC. be taking to Athens D. being taken to Athens
　　8. Nobody likes __________.A. laughed at B. laughing atC. being laughed at D. being laughed
　　9. The bridge ___________ will be completed next year.A. built B. being built C. is being built D. building
　　10. It is said that tigers ________ in Asia year after year.A. are being disappeared B. are disappearingC. will be disappeared D. will disappear
　　11. I’m going to Wuhan tomorrow. Do you have anything ____to your mother?A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking
　　12. Take it easy. There is nothing ______.A. to worry B . to be worriedC. to be worried about D. to worry about
　　13. Your new computer will soon become outdated, because technology_______so fast.A. is developed B. is being developedC. has been developed D. will developed
　　14. I won’t go to the party unless _________.A. invited B. being invitedC. be invited D. inviting
　　15. The problem ________ last week is very important.A. was discussed B. discussedC. being discussed D. be discussed
　　16. We should keep the animals from ________.A. be endangered B. endangeringC. being endangered D. endangered
　　17. There are no rivers _______out of the Dead Sea.A. flowed B. flowingC. being flowed D. be flown
　　18. This place has been destroyed. So there is no bamboo ______for pandas to feed on.A. left B. leaving C. leave D. be left
　　19. All the preparations for the task ________ , and we are ready to start.A. completed B. completeC. had been completed D. have been completed
　　'高一英语被动语态基本功过关
　　一、选择题（每小题1分共40分）
　　1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is ; built B. Was ; builtC. Does ; build D .Did ; build
　　2.An accident ____ on this road last week.A. has been happened B. was happenedC. is happened D. happened
　　3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grownC .grows D. grow
　　4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visitedC. has been visited D. was visited
　　5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
　　6.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being doneC. has been done D. will be done
　　7.The doctor _____ for yet.A. isn't sent B. hasn't been sentC. won't be sent D. wasn't sent
　　8.--When ___ this kind of computer______?--Last year.A. did; use B. was; usedC. is; used D. are; used
　　9.Who _____ this book _____?A. did; written B. was; written byC. did; written D .was; written
　　10.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.A. has asked to B. was asked toC. is asked D .asks to
　　11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.A. was told us B. was told to usC. is told us D .told us
　　12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump
　　13.Older people ____ well.A. looks after B .must be looked afterC. must look after D .looked after
　　14.Our teacher ______ carefully.A. should be listened to B. should be listenC. be listened D. is listened
　　15. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is servedC. serves D. served
　　16. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested.A. has been B. had beenC. has D. had
　　17. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year?A. would be completed B. will be completedC. had been completed D. is being completed
　　18. Great changes _______ in China since the People’s Republic of China _______ in 1949.A. have taken place; was foundedB. has taken place; was foundedC. have been taken place; foundedD. took place; founded
　　19.―Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?―She has _______ by her classmates.A. laughed B. laughed atC. been laughed D. been laughed at
　　20. Doctors _______ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needingC. are needed D. will need
　　21. I promise that matter will _______.A. be taken care B. be taken care ofC. take care D. take care of
　　22. No permission has ________ for anybody to enter thebuilding.A. been given B. given.C. to give D. be given
　　23. I ___ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. gave B. was givenC. was giving D. had given
　　24. Can such a thing _____ happening again?A. prevent from B. prevented fromC. be prevented from D. to prevent from
　　25. A new house ________ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being builtC. been built D. be building
　　26. This bike ________ last year.A. bought B. has been boughtC. was bought D. had been bought
　　27. Did you see the house that _______ by fire last year?A. was destroying B. destroyedC. would destroy D. was destroyed
　　28. It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital.A. hasn’t been decided B. isn’t decidingC. doesn’t decide D. hasn’t decided
　　29. The pen _______ me. It is hers.A. isn’t belong to B. wasn’t belong toC. doesn’t belong to D. didn’t belong to
　　30. I can’t use my bike because it _______.A. is repairing B. is being repairedC. will repair D. was repairing
　　31. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder so as to make herself _____.A. was expected; heard B. had expected; hear .C had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard
　　32．― The window is dirty.― I know. It _____ for weeks. （2004全国03）A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t cleanC. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
　　33. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _______ inBeijing. (2003上海春季, 27)A. would be completed B. was being completedC. has been completed D. had been completed
　　34.―How long _______ at this job?―Since 1990. (NMET 2003北京春季, 27)A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D .will you be employed
　　35.―What happened to the priceless works of art?―_______. (NMET 2003北京春季, 34)A. They were destroyed in the earthquakeB. The earthquake was destroying themC. They destroyed in the earthquakeD. The earthquake destroyed them
　　36. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake.A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing(NMET 2002 北京春季, 27)
　　37. Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.(2002 上海春季, 30)A. cut B. are cutC. are being cut D. had been cut
　　38. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.A. is changing B. has changed C.C. will have changed D. will change(NMET 2001, 24)
　　39. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.(NMET 2001北京春季, 12)A. lose B will be lostC. are lost D. will lose
　　40. A new cinema _______ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is builtC. has been built D. is being built(NMET 2001北京春季, 17)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20B D A C C B B B B B B D B A B B B A D C21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40B A B C B C D A C B A D D B A C C A B D
　　练习题1)It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.A) designedB) has been designedC) will be designedD) will have been designed
　　2)We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema.A) will already have startedB) would already have startedC) shall have already startedD) has already been started
　　3) She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.A) is takenB) takesC) will be takenD) has taken
　　4) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.A) is foundB) has been foundC) was foundD) had been found
　　5)“Have you movedsintosthe new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.”A) has been paintedB) is paintedC) paintsD) is being painted
　　6) My pictures ____until next Friday.A) won't developB) aren't developedC) don't developD) won' t be developed
　　7) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.A) had been unemployedB) was unemployedC) has been unemployedD) has unemployed
　　8) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949.A) has been establishB) have been establishedC) have establishedD) had been established
　　9) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.A) would be finedB) will be finedC) will being finedD) will have been fined
　　10)“____two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?”A) They have been givenB) I have been givenC) I am givenD) They have given to me
　　11) The subject of these lectures ____by the lecture committee.A) is announcedB) have been announcedC) are announcedD) has been announced
　　12) I found an aspirin bottle ____dropped on the floor of David's room.A) wasB) hadC) had beenD) is
　　13)The goods ____when we arrived at the airport.A) were just unloadingB) were just been unloadingC) had just unloadedD) were just being unloaded
　　14) If one ____by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance.A) overcomesB) is overcomeC) has been overcomeD) overcome
　　15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ____taken in the past.A) was notB) were notC) were not beingD) had not been
　　16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now ____sour.A) I smellB) it is smeltC) it smellsD) it is smelling
　　17) After the race____, the celebration began.A) had been wonB) is wonC) will be wonD)has been won
　　18) He was here for a little while, but I don't knowswhereshe ____now.A) isB) wasC) had beenD) has been
　　18) The young teacher has ____ competent.A) been proved to beB) proved to beC) been provedD) proved being
　　19) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, ____photographically in March 1930.A) discoveredB) was discoveredC) by discoveryD) when discovered
　　20) To get a better view of the stage, ____.A)our seats had to be changedB) our seats were changedC) we had to change our seatsD) our seats were changed by us
　　21) After synthetic____, engineers had a better choice of material.A) createdB) has createdC) has been createdD) had been created
　　22) I think much attention ____your pronunciation.A) must be paid toB) ought to be paid toC) must pay toD) should be paid to
　　23) Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold.A) have takenB) have been takenC) have been takingD) have been taking
　　24) I don't remember ____the chance to try this method.A)shavingsbeen givenB) to have been givenC)shavingsgivenD) to have given
　　25) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it____.A) knowB) be knownC) being knownD) to be known
　　26) The construction of the laboratory ____by the end of next month.A) must be completedB) must have been completedC) will be completingD) will have been completing
　　27) They would tell how the African ____on a ship to an American port.A) was broughtB) could have been broughtC) had been broughtD) was to be brought
　　28) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses ____to Peter.A) is belonged toB) belongedC) belongsD) is belonging
　　29) Negotiation ____again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then.A) is to be openedB) is on the point of openingC) is going to openD) opens
　　30) The reason for all the changes being made ____to us yet.A) has not explainedB) has not been explainedC) did not explainedD) were not explained
　　31) Experiments in the photography of moving objects ____in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.A) were conductingB)were conductedC) had been conductedD) had conducted
　　32) When he turned the corner, he found himself ____by a man in black.A) tailedB) been tailedC) was tailedD) had been tailed
　　33) A candidate for the democratic presidential nomination ____at this moment.A) is interviewingB) being interviewedC) is being interviewedD) interviewing
　　34) As we approached the work site, the workers were seen ____the new house.A) buildingB) buildC) builtD) to build
　　35) As we know, all the regulations in school ____.A) must keep toB) must be keptC) must keepD) must be kept up
　　36) The composition ____any more.A) need not to be correctedB) doesn't need to be correctedC) doesn't need be correctedD) need not correct
　　37) The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____in broad daylight yesterdayA) to be robbedB) to have keen robbedC) robbedD)shavingsbeen robbed
　　38) Hurry up, or the tickets ___out by the time we get there.A) will have soldB) will sellC) have soldD) will have been sold
　　39) He cleaned the glasses carefully for fear that it ____.A) was damagedB) should be damagedC) damagedD) would be damaged被动语态部分练习题答案：1)C 2)A 3)A 4)C 5)D 6)D 7)CB 9)B 10)B11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)C 17)A 18)A 19)B20)B 21)C 22)D 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)C 27)A 28)C29)C 30)A 31)B 32)C 33)A 34)C 35)A 36)B 37)B38)B 39)D 40)B)
　　1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build( )
　　2.An accident ____ on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened( )
　　3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )
　　4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited( )
　　5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )
　　6.How many trees ____ this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted( )
　　7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done( )
　　8.Neither of them ______ in China.A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made( )
　　9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws( )
　　10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )
　　11.The doctor _____ for yet.A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent